Jia Shuanghua, School of Economics 

Abstract: Northeast area in China as the old industrial base, after the founding of the country with a large number of state-owned enterprises foundation, the rapid development of urbanization in northeast area, but in recent years, due to the upgrading of China's industrial structure, the northeast urbanization is also faced with many challenges, how to achieve sustainable development of urbanization has become an urgent problem to be solved. After the reform and opening-up, the northeast city has formed the Liaozhong South, central Jilin, Hadaqi three cities,.Shenyang, Dalian, Changchun and Harbin, as the central city, play an important role in the development of the surrounding cities. Therefore, this article takes the northeast of Shenyang, Dalian, Changchun, Harbin as the research object, uses four quadrant graph method to appraise the urbanization sustainable development situation of each city.

First of all, on the basis of the analysis of the related concepts, this paper analyzes the concept of sustainable development of urbanization and urbanization. This paper expounds the "S" type curve, the environmental Kuznets curve and the two economic structure theory in the process of urbanization, which provides the theoretical basis for the sustainable development of urbanization.

Then, the paper analyzes the historical stages of the process of urbanization in the Northeast by finding relevant documents and information. By finding relevant data and analysis of the present situation of urbanization in Northeast China, the paper concludes with a challenge for sustainable development of urbanization in Northeast China.

Next, The rate of urbanization is calculated by the ratio of urban population to the total population, and the urbanization rate is calculated by the urbanization rate. From the three aspects of economic, social and environmental development,23 indicators were selected, and the integrated value of economic, social and environmental input and output were obtained by principal component analysis. Then, the Malmquist method based on data envelopment analysis (DEA)Calculate the change index of the sustainable development of urbanization in each year.

Finally, this paper describes the four quadrant graph theory method for evaluation of urban sustainability, sustainable city is divided into four categories:(1)sustainable urbanization (2)sustainable counter-urbanization (3)unsustainable counter-urbanization (4)unsustainable urbanization. Using the calculated urbanization rate and urban sustainability rate to assess the sustainability of various stages of urbanization, and use the sustainability elasticity coefficient to illustrate the urbanization process to improve the degree of urban sustainability. The results show that in some years, with the technological progress, the urbanization rate is improved, the city can be sustainable development, but also some years, the technology is backward, the resource consumption is large, the environmental pollution is serious, the phenomenon of unsustainable counter-urbanization is occour.

Read the article here:               【可持续发展】东北地区城市化可持续发展研究.pdf